Early Eye Screening Key To Preventing Lifelong Vision Problems, Experts Say

KUALA LUMPUR, JULY 2026 – Early eye screening plays an important role in detecting vision problems before they become permanent, especially among children and senior citizens. According to ophthalmologist and paediatric ophthalmologist Dr Fazilawati A Qamarruddin from Sunway Medical Centre, strabismus and cataracts are among the most common eye conditions that are often overlooked across different age groups.

Strabismus, also known as crossed eyes or squint, occurs when the eyes are not properly aligned and look in different directions. One eye may look straight ahead, while the other turns inward, outward, upward or downward. This condition can affect vision, depth perception, learning ability and self-confidence.

Dr Fazilawati explained that strabismus is often caused by untreated refractive errors, but it may also be linked to nerve problems, neurological deficits, trauma, or tumours involving the brain or eye socket. In adults, strabismus may continue from childhood or appear suddenly. Those experiencing double vision are advised to seek medical examination immediately to rule out serious causes.

Globally, studies estimate that around two to four per cent of children are affected by strabismus. Although the figure may appear small, it still involves thousands of children, and many cases are only detected after academic performance or social confidence has already been affected.

If left untreated, strabismus may lead to amblyopia, commonly known as “lazy eye”. This happens when the brain begins to rely more on the stronger eye, causing the weaker eye to receive less visual stimulation over time.

For this reason, early screening is considered critical. Dr Fazilawati recommended eye screening at the age of three and again before a child enters school. Refractive errors are also among the most common eye problems and can usually be corrected with glasses if detected early.

Parents are encouraged to observe warning signs such as a child tilting the head, frequently squinting, sitting too close to the television, or complaining of headaches. A full eye examination can help determine whether the child only needs glasses or may be at risk of long-term vision problems.

Cataracts, meanwhile, are more common among senior citizens and can cause blurred vision, glare, faded colours and difficulty driving at night. Although cataracts are more common among people aged 60 and above, they may occur earlier in patients with diabetes, smokers, or those frequently exposed to sunlight.

Modern cataract surgery has advanced significantly. Dr Fazilawati said phacoemulsification uses ultrasound to break up the cloudy lens through a small incision, allowing faster recovery in many cases. Some patients may return to light activities within a week, while full visual recovery usually takes around two weeks.

Excessive ultraviolet exposure can also increase the risk of cataracts and other vision problems, especially among children and teenagers. It may also worsen short-sightedness, making eye protection an important part of lifelong eye care.

Dr Fazilawati also advised the public to practise the 20-20-20 rule when using screens. After every 20 minutes of screen time, users should look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds to reduce eye strain.

Adults are encouraged to begin regular eye checks from the age of 40, while children should undergo screening before starting school. People with diabetes should have annual eye screening, as diabetic retinopathy can progress over time but is treatable if detected early.